Spectroscopy in a suitcase

On Tuesday 25th of March Cardiff University visited the school on behalf of the Royal Society of Chemistry to deliver a workshop on spectroscopy to the year 12 Chemistry pupils.  Spectroscopy forms an important part of the F322 AS module.  Dr Dayna Mason introduced the topic and got the pupils involved in interactive tasks to identify unknown organic compounds by using an infra-red spectrometer (a piece of equipment that they would only be able to use at university level) to test liquid samples.



Pupils testing samples on the IR-Spectrometer

The pupils compared their experimental findings with mass spectrogram results and databases to find their unknown organic compounds.

 

 

For more information on spectroscopy and 'spectroscopy in a suitcase' visit the RSC website - http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/collections/spectroscopy

Fluoridation of water

Fluoride is known to help prevent tooth decay. Sodium fluoride can be added to toothpaste and water in order to do this.  GCSE pupils need to be aware that there are arguments for and against this process.  Click on the picture below to link to a BBC news article where this is discussed.  Also have a look at the related stories as it will provide background information and supplement your understanding from lessons.

Maths in Chemistry!

If you need a little more help covering the mathematical areas of Chemistry then click on the picture below.  It links to a website created by the Royal Society of Chemistry and Pfizer which has useful hints and practice questions to cope with common mathematical themes.

Click on the compass to find an area to work on, or use the video demos to help.

Chemistry in everyday use

Whilst you might be aware of the main elements in the periodic table - group 1, group 2, the transition metals, the Noble gases etc. there are some very useful metals found at the very bottom of the table belonging to a group known as the lanthanides.  Click on the picture below to read about some of their unique and interesting uses. 

Crude Oil Revision

Some useful revision videos on crude oil and its uses from Fuse School.

This video shows the forces of attraction between chains of hydrocarbons, the longer the chain the greater the force.  But it doesn't just happen end to end as the video suggests, rather across the whole molecule.

Short chains have fewer carbon atoms so there are attractions between the chains as a result less energy is needed to separate the molecules. Low boiling point.	Long chains have more carbon atoms so there are more attractions between the chains as a result a greater amount of energy is needed to separate the molecules. High boiling point.

Nanoscience - Buckyballs, Fullerenes and Nanotubes,

Fuse School have produced a good video explaining some different types of nanoparticle. This is particularly useful for Year 11 studying WJEC Unit C2.1. Click on the picture below to access the video.

Bucky Balls, Nanotubes & Graphene Video

Electrolysis of lead bromide

As seen in class molten lead bromide can be separated into lead and bromine using electrolysis.  It must be molten so that the ions are free to move and conduct electricity.  When an electric current is applied the following half cell reactions take place:

At the anode (+ve electrode) the negative bromide ions are attracted, where they lose electrons and become bromine gas:

2Br^-(l) → Br₂(g) + 2e^-

This is an oxidation reaction.

At the cathode (-ve electrode) the positive lead ions are attracted, they gain electrons and become molten lead.

Pb²⁺(l) + 2e^- → Pb(l)

This is a reduction reaction.

Remember OIL RIG and you can't go wrong with electrolysis. Oxidation Is Loss of electrons, Reduction Is Gain of electrons.

Check out this YouTube video below of the electrolysis of lead bromide:

Name the new International Space Station mission

The European Space agency is asking people to choose a name for British astronaut Tim Peake's next mission. It would be great if we had a winner from Cowbridge!  Click here to have a go.

The closing date is the 4th April so get thinking!

WJEC AS Unit 2 - Functional Groups

Year 12 (and 13) if you want reminding what the organic functional groups look like, whether it appears in the molecule name as a prefix or a suffix click on the picture below and download the pdf file.

Haloalkanes and the same as halogenoalkanes. You don't need to know the nitrile, acyl chloride or ether functional groups.

Organic Reaction Maps

WJEC A2 Unit 4 - Organic Reaction Maps

Year 13 pupils, check out the compound interest blog.  They have produced a couple of excellent organic reactions pathway posters (for both aliphatic and aromatic) which will be useful for revising the synthesis topic for F324.  Some of the reactions are not relevant to the OCR Chemistry A course so you will have to cross reference them with the syllabus. Click on the pictures below to get to the blog itself.

 

 

The Thermit Reaction

Displacement Reactions - The Thermit Reaction

10X Triple Chemistry have been looking at displacement reactions.  These reply upon a more reactive chemical displacing (kicking out) a less reactive chemical from a compound.  The pupils have carried these types of reaction out on a test tube level.  A more exciting example though is the Thermit reaction:

Iron oxide	+	Aluminium	-->	Aluminium oxide	+	Iron
Fe2O3(s)	+	2Al(s)	-->	Al2O3(s)	+	2Fe(l)

Aluminium is above iron in the reactivity series so it displaces the iron in such a highly exothermic reaction that the iron produced is molten. The video below shows how the reaction worked in class.  You can see the molten iron falling in the slow motion reply.

An introduction to bonding in alkanes

This is a video explaining the bonding in alkanes.

More Nanoscience!

Another good article on nanoscience form the guardian

Click on the picture below to link to the article:

Have you say on nanoscience at:

The Elements of the Periodic Table

Periodic Table Challenge

Mr Pullen set a challenge for his 7-6 class to see who could sing "The Elements" song originally written by Tom Lehrer.  This challenge was duly accepted by Ed Sunderland who performed this recently for his class:

So impressed by this Mr Pullen awarded him with an the photographic Elements card sort prize:

Well done Ed!

Just for comparison here is the original:

Nanoscience in every day use

 

A great article in the guardian on how we use nanotechnology in clothing and everyday products in order to improve our lives.  Relevant reading for GCSE pupils or for general interest.

Click here for the guardian article